APPENDIX H

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN JANUARY 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HX 272/275d 4 15.5 228c 57 53c 13.2 0 0 0
SC 150,151e 2 16.3 54c 27 22c 11.0 0 0 0
ON 216/219d 4 18.7 217c 54 34c 8.5 0 2k 0
ONS 25/27e 3 19.3 91c 30 23c 7.7 0 0 0
UT 6, 7d 2 10.5 54 27 26 13.0 0 0 0
TU 6d 1 10.9 16 16 13 13.0 0 0 0
CU 10/12d 3 10.7 61 20 18 6.0 0 0 0
UC 8/10d 3 12.8 62 21 18 6.0 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, January 22 -- 783 36 207 9.4 0 2 0
Total North Atlantic, December 21 -- 818 39 184 8.8 0 0 0
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 27/30f 4 16.6 271 68 56 14.0 0 0 0
GUS 24/26f 3 18.0 164 55 33 11.0 0 0 0
OT 12g 1 15.2 10 10 4 4.0 0 0 0
TO -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Total Middle Atlantic, January 8 -- 445 56 93 11.6 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, December 8 -- 378 47 80 10.0 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 407/412 6 6.6 130 22 30 5.0 0 0 0
GN 104/109 6 6.9 137 23 30 5.0 0 0 0
NK 586/591 6 6.1i 47 8 23 3.8 0 0 0
KN 285/291 7 5.8 94 13 31 4.4 0 0 0
KG 679/684 6 3.2 75 13 30 5.0 0 0 0
GK 779/784 6 3.0 42 7 30 5.0 0 0 0
KH 471/483 7 3.7j 40 6 36 5.2 0 0 0
HK 175/185 6 4.2 119 20 30 5.0 0 0 0
GAT 108/113 6 6.0 132 21* 30 5.0 0 0 0
TAG 106/111 6 5.1 134 21* 30 5.0 0 0 0
ZG 54/56 3 3.5 27 9* 13 4.3 0 0 0
GZ 55/57 3 3.9 61 20* 15 5.0 0 0 0
JT 17/19 3 15.8 55 13* 16 5.3 0 0 0
TJ 18/20 3 19.0 46 12* 19 6.3 0 0 0
XB 90A, 90B, 91/93 5 2.1 64 13 15 3.0 0 0 0
BX 90, 93 4 2.1 56 14 12 3.0 0 0 0
SG -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GS -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Total Regular Coastal, January 83 -- 1,259 15.2 390 4.7 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, December 90 -- 1,468 16.3 424 4.7 1 0 0
Special Convoys, Januaryb 209h -- 380 1.8 292 1.4 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Decemberb 216 -- 469 2.2 326 1.5 0 0 0
Total East Coast, January 292 -- 1,639 5.6 682 2.3 0 0 0
Total East Coast, December 306 -- 1,937 6.3 750 2.4 1 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and Oversay only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Between Halifax and Liverpool.
(f) Between Norfolk and Gibraltar.
(g) Between Dutch West Indies and Gibraltar.
(h) Of which 77 originated in CSF, 51 in ESF, 46 in GSF, 20 in PSF, and 15 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(i) Excluding NK 587 and 591 dispersed early.
(j) Including only KH 471 and 479 to Galveston; others dispersed off Pilottown, averaging 2.1 days.
(k) Empire Housman ON 217 3 Jan., and Sumner I. Kimball ON 219 16 Jan.
 

--H1--

 

CONVOYS

Convoys - Review of the Month

The first month of the new year started off auspiciously for U. S. convoys: no ships even damaged by the enemy.

Interest was focused in the British North Atlantic trade convoys, where high to precipitous seas with gales up to 75 knots directly or indirectly caused the loss of three merchantmen. Two of these were stragglers believed sunk by U-Boats. First the new EMPIRE HOUSMAN (Br.) was attacked 31 December while straggling from ON 217, then given the coup de gr’ce on 3 January. Also the new U. S. Liberty ship, SUMNER I. KIMBALL, was sunk 16 January, probably by torpedo while straggling from ON 219. Then the JOSEPH SMITH, another new Liberty, in ON 218 broke up from weather 11 January in 44°N, 43°W, without loss of life. In addition to these casualties, the severe storms lengthened voyage times by from one to three days over December. ONS convoys averaged 19.3 days from Liverpool to Halifax, as compared to a record low of 14.0 days last August. Escorts of the HX convoys (and to a lesser degree the SC) were augmented by numerous U. S.-built frigates and British DE's destined for U.K., bringing HX escorts up to an average of over 13. The average size of the SC convoys fell to a new low of only 27 ships, versus an average of 42 in December, and as there were only two convoys arriving in January, there were but 54 ships for the month.

In the East Coast area, the month was notable for the virtual absence of submarines. The last U-Boat left Sea Frontier areas after the first week of January - a situation probably unprecedented since the war began.

An order from Commander Tenth Fleet (C&R), dated 20 January, summarized the convoy policy as regards shipping in the Gulf, Panama and Caribbean Sea Frontiers as follows:

(1) All vessels of 14.5 knots and over to be sailed independently, except those carrying aviation gasoline, or troops in excess of certain specified limits, which shall have adequate escort.

(2) Ships of under 14.5 knots and of 8 knots or more, to be sailed in regular trade convoys, except: (a) ships in sisal, mahogany, banana and Cuban sugar trade, to be sailed direct and independently; (b) avgas tankers on special Naval service sailing from western Gulf area to ports as far north as Jacksonville, to be sailed independently; (c) certain specified tankers between Aruba, Curacao and Cristobal, to be sailed independently; and (d) ships not carrying avgas or troops sailing to or from ports where regular trade convoys are not available, to be sailed independently via inshore routing.

(3) Ships of under 8.0 knots to be sailed independently via inshore routing.

While only 83 regular coastal convoys arrived this month as against 90 in December, the average size dropped to 15.2 ships from 16.3, the decline taking place principally in the KG/GK, KH/HK and ZG/GZ convoys. Special convoys likewise declined both to number of convoys and average size, but still were far above the light months of September and October when a higher proportion of independent sailings was permitted.

U. S. EAST COAST REGULAR CONVOYS - SPEED OF ADVANCE IN KNOTS
(From Commodores' Reports)
Average for Month E.S.F. G.S.F. C.S.F. P.S.F. Fourth Fleet
NG GN NK KN KG GK KH HK GAT TAG ZG GZ JT TJ
September 1943 7.88 8.54 8.56 9.08 8.3 8.48 9.0 8.26 7.46 8.64 8.32 8.25 10.27 7.25
December 1943 8.53 8.25 8.05 8.97 8.21 8.3 8.45 8.13 7.52 8.87 7.70 7.63 9.20 7.63
Total Average 8.20 8.39 8.30 9.02 8.25 8.39 8.72 8.20 7.49 8.75 8.01 7.94 9.73 7.44
Average, All Convoys - 8.34 Knots

--H1A--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN FEBRUARY 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HX 276/279d 4 16.2 259c 65 36c 9.0 0 0 0
SC 152e 1 16.7 30c 30 7c 7.0 0 0 0
ON 220/223d 4 18.8 225c 56 34c 8.5 0 0 0
ONS 28/29e 2 17.4 76c 38 18c 9.0 0 0 0
UT 8d 1 10.7 30 30 13 13.0 0 0 0
TU 7d 1 11.2 25 25 13 13.0 0 0 0
CU 13/14d 2 11.8 46 23 12 6.0 0 0 0
UC 11/13d 3 11.6 70 23 18 6.0 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, February 18 -- 761 42 151 8.4 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, January 22 -- 783 36 207 9.4 0 2 0
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 31, 32, 33Af 3 16.5i 177l 86m 28l 12.5m 0 0 0
GUS 27/29f 3 18.8 152 51 32 10.7 0 0 0
OT -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
TO 12g 1 11.4 7 7 4 4.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, February 7 -- 336 48 64 9.1 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, January 8 -- 445 56 93 11.6 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 413/418 6 6.4 112 19 30 5.0 0 0 0
GN 110/116 7 7.1 158 23 35 5.0 0 0 0
NK 592/597 6 6.2 42 7 22 3.7 0 0 0
KN 292/297 6 5.4 79 13 27 4.5 0 0 0
KG 685/690 6 3.1 81 14 30 5.0 0 0 0
GK 785/790 6 3.1 61 10 30 5.0 0 0 0
KH 485/495 6 4.9j 43 7 28 4.7 0 0 0
HK 187/197 6 4.3 116 19 28 4.7 0 0 0
GAT 114/119 6 6.5 127 19* 33 5.5 0 0 0
TAG 112/117 6 5.0 142 22* 30 5.0 0 0 0
ZG 57/59 3 3.9 47 16 16 5.3 0 0 0
GZ 58/60 3 3.9 62 21 16 5.3 0 0 0
JT 20/22 3 15.5 63 17* 18 6.0 0 0 0
TJ 21/22 2 18.3 34 12* 12 6.0 0 0 0
XB 94/97, 94A, 94B 6 2.2 69 12 14 2.3 0 0 0
BX 94/97 4 2.1 93 23 14 3.5 0 0 0
SG 38/39 2 5.2k 2 1 5 2.5 0 0 0
GS 41 1 4.2 1 1 2 2.0 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, February 85 -- 1,332 15.7 390 4.6 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, January 83 -- 1,259 15.2 390 4.7 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Februaryb 162h -- 273 1.7 210 1.3 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Januaryb 209 -- 380 1.8 292 1.4 0 0 0
Total East Coast, February 247 -- 1,605 6.5 600 2.4 0 0 0
Total East Coast, January 292 -- 1,639 5.6 682 2.3 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and Oversay only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Between Halifax and Liverpool.
(f) Between Norfolk and Gibraltar.
(g) Between Netherlands West Indies and Gibraltar.
(h) Of which 46 originated in CSF, 59 in ESF, 39 in GSF, 6 in PSF, and 12 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(i) Average of UGS 31/2. UGS 33A 15 knots, 10.2 days.
(j) KH 487 only. KH 489 dispersed in 90°W, 4.2 days. Other 4 dispersed off South Pass, averaging 2.4 days.
(k) SG 39 only. SG 38 sailed from Argentia, 4.1 days.
(l) Including UGS 33A, 4 ships, 3 escorts.
(m) Excluding UGS 33A, 4 ships, 3 escorts.
 

--H2--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN MARCH 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HX 280/283d 4 16.3 258c 65 40c 10.0 0 0 0
SC 153/155e 3 16.1 142c l 47 24c 8.0 0 0 0
ON 224/228d 5 15.8 343c 69 41c 8.2 0 0 0
ONS 30/31e 2 16.0 49c 25 15c 7.5 0 0 0
UT 9d 1 10.9 29 29 13 13.0 0 0 0
TU 8/9d 2 11.3 42 21 24 12.0 0 0 0
CU 15/18d 4 11.1 94 23 23 6.0 2i 0 0
UC 14/16d 3 11.2 74 25 18 6.0 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, March 24 -- 1,031 43 198 8.2 2 0 0
Total North Atlantic, February 18 -- 761 42 151 8.4 0 0 0
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 33/35f m 3 17.0 223 74 38 12.7 0 0 0
GUS 30/32f 3 19.3 257 84 38 12.7 0 0 0
OT 13g 1 14.6 10 10 4 4.0 0 0 0
TO -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Total Middle Atlantic, March 7 -- 490 70 80 11.4 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, February 7 -- 336 48 64 9.1 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 419/424 6 7.0 166 28 30 5.0 0 0 0
GN 117/122 6 7.1 166 28 30 5.0 0 0 0
NK 598/603 6 6.0 38 6 23 5.8 0 0 0
KN 298/303 6 5.5 67 11 30 5.0 0 0 0
KG 691/696 6 2.8 83 14 31 5.2 0 0 0
GK 791/796 6 3.1 57 10 30 5.0 0 0 0
KH 497/505 5 3.9j 29 6 24 4.8 0 0 0
HK 198/209 6 4.3 102 17 33 5.5 0 0 0
GAT 120/125 6 6.1 135 22* 33 5.5 0 0 0
TAG 118/123 6 5.0 165 25* 33 5.5 0 0 0
ZG 60/62 3 4.1 47 16 16 5.3 0 0 0
GZ 61/63 3 3.9 56 19 15 5.0 0 0 0
JT 23/25 3 15.2 46 11* 17 5.7 0 0 0
TJ 23/26 4 18.9 65 13* 25 6.2 0 0 0
XB 98/102, 99A 6 2.1 105 18 17 2.8 0 0 0
BX 98/101 4 2.1 131 33 13 3.3 0 0 0
SG -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GS 42 1 7.5k 1 1 3 3 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, March 83 -- 1,459 17.6 403 4.9 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, February 85 -- 1,332 15.7 390 4.6 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Marchb 189h -- 328 1.7 248 1.3 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Februaryb 162 -- 273 1.7 210 1.3 0 0 0
Total East Coast, March 272 -- 1,787 6.6 651 2.4 0 0 0
Total East Coast, February 247 -- 1,605 6.5 600 2.4 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and Oversay only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Between Halifax and Liverpool.
(f) Between Norfolk and Gibraltar.
(g) Between Netherlands West Indies and Gibraltar.
(h) Of which 76 originated in CSF, 50 in ESF, 39 in GSF, 17 in PSF, and 7 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(i) U. S. tanker Seakay on 18 March in 51-10, 20-20 in CU 17; and USS Leopold (DE 319) on 9 March in 58-36, 25-57 escorting CU 16.
(j) KH 503 only. Other 4 dispersed off South Pass, averaging 2.2 days.
(k) Greenland to Boston.
(l) Including 45 LST's.
(m) UGS 36 to be included in April table, having arrived Bizerte 3 April with U. S. escort.
 

--H3--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN APRIL 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HX 284/286, HXF 287d 4 15.0 294c 74 33c 8.2 0 0 0
SC 156, 157e 2 14.8 117c n 45o 11c 5.5 2r 1s 0
ON 229, 230, ONF 232d 3 16.5 176c 59 21c 7.0 0 0 0
ONM 231d 1 18.3 90c 90 8c 8.0 0 0 0
ONS 32e 1 21.0 47c 47 7c 7.0 0 0 0
UT 10, 11d 2 10.7 51 26 26 13.0 0 0 0
TU 10, 11d 2 11.8 39 20 24 12.0 0 0 0
CU 19/21d 3 11.3 83 28 18 6.0 1t 0 1u
UC 17/19d 3 11.6 71 24 18 6.0 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, April 21 -- 968 46 166 7.9 3 1 1
Total North Atlantic, March 24 -- 1,031 43 198 8.2 2 0 0
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 36/38g 3 19.8 289p 81q 55l 14.3m 3v 0 5w
GUS 33/35f 3 17.8 228 75 37 12.3 0 0 0
OT -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
TO 13h 1 10.7 9 9 4 4.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, April 7 -- 526 75 96 13.7 3 0 5
Total Middle Atlantic, March 7 -- 490 70 80 11.4 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 425/430 6 7.1 184 31 30 5.0 0 0 0
GN 123/128 6 7.0 192 32 32 5.3 0 0 0
NK 604/609 6 6.2 84 6 23 3.8 0 0 0
KN 304/309 6 5.1 74 12 25 4.2 0 0 0
KG 697/702 6 2.9 75 13 32 5.3 0 0 0
GK 797/802 6 3.0 50 8 32 5.3 0 0 0
KH 507/519 7 3.9j 49 7 35 5.0 0 0 0
HK 211/221 6 4.2 102 17 31 5.2 0 0 0
GAT 126/131 6 6.3 133 20* 35 5.8 0 0 0
TAG 124/129 6 5.0 136 22* 33 5.5 0 0 0
ZG 63/65 3 4.2 41 14 18 6.0 0 0 0
GZ 64/66 3 3.6 55 18 18 6.0 0 0 0
JT 26/28 3 15.7 55 15* 20 6.6 0 0 0
TJ 27/29 3 19.5 14 12* 20 6.6 0 0 0
XB 103/105, 103A 4 2.0 50 13 8 2.0 0 0 0
BX 102/105 4 1.9 87 22 11 2.8 0 0 0
SG 40k 1 8.1 1 1 6 6.0 0 0 0
GS -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Total Regular Coastal, April 82 -- 1,362 16.6 409 5.0 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, March 83 -- 1,459 17.6 403 4.9 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Aprilb 209i -- 330 1.6 257 1.2 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Marchb 189 -- 328 1.7 248 1.3 0 0 0
Total East Coast, April 291 -- 1,692 5.8 666 2.3 0 0 0
Total East Coast, March 272 -- 1,787 6.6 651 2.4 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and Oversay only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Between Halifax and Liverpool.
(f) Between Norfolk and Gibraltar.
(g) Between Norfolk and Bizerte.
(h) Between Netherlands West Indies and Gibraltar.
(i) Of which 88 originated in CSF, 72 in ESF, 29 in GSF, 11 in PSF, and 9 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(j) Average of three convoys, KH 507, 515 and 517. Other 4 dispersed off South Pass, averaging 2.2 days.
(k) Argentia to Greenland.
(l) Including 12 YMS's in UGS 38.
(m) Excluding 12 YSM's in UGS 38.
(n) Including 27 LST's.
(o) Excluding 27 LST's.
(p) Including 25 LST's and 20 LCI(L)'s.
(q) Excluding 25 LST's and 20 LCI(L)'s.
(r) SS Ruth I and SS South America, SC 156, 6 April in 45°N-35°W by U-Boat.
(s) SS Colin, SC 157, 26 April in 54°N-32°W by U-Boat.
(t) Tanker SS Pan Pennsylvania, CU 21, 16 April in 40°N-69°W by U-Boat.
(u) USS Gandy (DE 764), CU 21, 16 April in 40°N-69°W by ramming U-Boat which torpedoed SS Pan Pennsylvania.
(v) SS Paul Hamilton, SS Royal Star and USS Lansdale (DD 426), UGS 38, 20 April in 37°N-04°E by aircraft.
(w) SS Samburgh and SS Jared Ingersoll, UGS 36, 1 April in 37°N-02°E by aircraft; USS Holder (DE 401), UGS 37, 11 April in 37°N-04°E by aircraft; SS Stephen F. Austin and SS Samite, UGS 38, 20 April in 37°N-04°E by aircraft.
 

--H4--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN MAY 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HX 288, HXM 289, HXF 290, HXS 291 4 16.4l 430c v 107n 26c 6.5 0 0 0
ONS 233, ONM 234, ONF 235, ONS 236 4 16.1m 366c 91p 24c 6.0 0 0 0
CU 22, TCU 23, TCU 24, TCU 24B, CU 25d 5 10.9 175 35 46 9.2 0 0 1q
UC 20/22, UCT 23d 4 10.5 120 30 30 7.5 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, May 17 -- 1,091 64 126 7.4 0 0 1
Total North Atlantic, April 21 -- 968 46 166 7.9 3 1 1
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 39/41f 3 20.5 259t 86 49u 16.3 0 0 0
GUS 36/39f 4 19.6 356 89 49 12.2 1r 0 3s
UGF 11e 1 13.5 6 6 8 8.0 0 0 0
OT 14g 1 12.7 6 6 4 4.0 0 0 0
TO 14g 1 13.0 5 5 4 4.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, May 10 -- 632 63 114 11.4 1 0 3
Total Middle Atlantic, April 7 -- 526 75 96 13.7 3 0 5
 

C. East Coast
NG 431/436 6 6.5 212 35 31 5.2 0 0 0
GN 129/134 6 7.0 184 31 30 5.0 0 0 0
NK 610/616 7 6.1 53 8 22 3.1 0 0 0
KN 310/315 6 5.2 87 15 24 4.0 0 0 0
KG 703/709 7 2.8 94 13 38 5.4 0 0 0
GK 803/808 6 2.9 47 8 32 5.3 0 0 0
KH 521/531 6 3.9i 40 7 26 4.3 0 0 0
HK 223/233 6 4.4 140 23 32 5.3 0 0 0
GAT 132/137 6 5.9 159 25* 30 5.0 0 0 0
TAG 130/135 6 5.1 96 15* 29 4.8 0 0 0
ZG 66/68 3 3.9 42 14 18 6.0 0 0 0
GZ 67/69 3 3.9 43 14 18 6.0 0 0 0
JT 29/32 4 15.0 56 12* 23 5.8 0 0 0
TJ 30/32 3 20.2 63 16* 19 6.3 0 0 0
XB 106/110, 108A 6 1.7 20 3 10 1.7 0 0 0
BX 106/109 4 2.0 78 20 9 2.2 0 0 0
SG 41/42 2 5.0k 4 2 5 2.5 0 0 0
GS 43/46 4 5.4j 7 2 10 2.5 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, May 91 -- 1,425 15.7 406 4.5 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, April 82 -- 1,362 16.6 409 5.0 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Mayb 184h -- 251 1.4 218 1.2 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Aprilb 209 -- 330 1.6 257 1.2 0 0 0
Total East Coast, May 275 -- 1,676 6.1 624 2.2 0 0 0
Total East Coast, April 291 -- 1,692 5.8 666 2.3 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and Oversay only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Between Norfolk and Naples.
(f) Between Norfolk and Bizerte.
(g) Between Netherlands West Indies and Algiers.
(h) Of which 73 originated in CSF, 72 in ESF, 26 in GSF, 2 in PSF, and 11 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(i) Average of three convoys, KH 521, 523 and 525. Other three dispersed off South Pass, averaging 2.4 days.
(j) Average of GS 44/46 to Argentia. GS 43 to Cale Cod Canal 9.4 days.
(k) Average from St. Johns, SG 41 sailed from Boston as BG 8.
(l) Average voyage HXF 14.5, HXM 16.3, HXS 18.3 days, New York to Liverpool.
(m) Average voyage ONF 14.5, ONM 15.6, ONS 17.2 days, Liverpool to New York.
(n) Average size HXF 94, HXM 131, HXS 102 ships.
(p) Average size ONF 66, ONM 76, ONS 112 ships.
(q) USS Donnell (DE-56) with CU 22, 3 May, 38°N, 20°W, by U/B.
(r) USS Fechteler (DE-157) with GUS 38, 5 May, 36°07'N, 02°40'W, by U/B.
(s) USS Menges (DE-320) with GUS 38, 2 May, 37°08'N, 05°19'E; Fort Fidler and G.S. Walden with GUS 39, 14 May, 36°46'N, 00°52'E.
(t) Including 16 LCI (L)s in UGS 41.
(u) Including 6 YMS in UGS 39.
(v) Including 15 LSTs in HXS 288.
 

--H5--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS - REVIEW OF THE MONTH

Although convoyed shipping across the Atlantic reached an all-time high of 1,723 ships in May, (compared with a previous high of 1,521 in March) there was only one casualty in the Atlantic, USS Donnell (DE-56) being damaged by torpedo while escorting CU 22. IN the Mediterranean, however, U. S. escorted GUS 38 and GUS 39 were attacked by U-Boats, resulting in the sinking of the USS Fechteler (DE-157) and the damaging of USS Menges (DE-320) and two British cargo vessels, Fort Fidler and G.S. Walden (see table on page H5). The U-Boat which made the first attack on GUS 38 was sunk on the following day. UGS 40 was attacked by air east of Algiers, but no casualties resulted.

The largest convoy which ever sailed anywhere was HXM 292 with 135 ships and six escorts. The four HX convoys arriving May averaged as much as 107 ships. This is approximately the same number of ships which would have crossed the Atlantic in HX and SC convoys combined, under the old schedule. The four ON convoys averaged 91 ships. Direct routes and good weather combined to make fast voyages, and there were no attacks.

The UT/TU troop convoys were combined with the CU/UC tanker convoys, commencing with TCU 23 sailing 3 May, with the result that there were five eastbound convoys averaging 35 ships, with about nine escort vessels.

U. S. coastal convoys made another clean record with no U-Boats in the area. In order to speed oil deliveries, tankers of 10 to 14.5 knots were released from convoy in Eastern Sea Frontier on 9 May, and finally on 23 May, tankers of all speeds were ordered to sail independently in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico and along the Eastern Seaboard. However, with a renewed threat of approaching U-Boats, on 2 June all tankers were ordered back into convoy, except between ports in the Gulf of Mexico and except for tankers in the Pacific trade between Aruba/Curacao and the Canal.

Commencing June 2, the sailing interval of ZG/GZ convoys was shortened from ten to five days, in order to expedite coastal shipping to and from the Canal via Guantanamo.

The volume of shipping in Eastern Sea Frontier was up to a new high with an average of 149 ships at sea daily. Reflecting the temporary release of tankers, the proportion of total shipping sailing in convoy dropped to a new low of 70% in Caribbean Sea Frontier, and to 41% in Panama Sea Frontier.

In the Canadian area, XB convoys dropped to only three ships per convoy because of the suspension of ONS convoys to Halifax, but BX convoys held up to 20 ships per convoy, most of these ships sailing to join HX convoys for U.K. Convoying was generally in effect, with one U-Boat patrolling in the area.

In the Brazilian area two U-Boats were present during the month, one of them nearer to shore than usual, but no attacks were made on convoys.

Convoy No. of Convoys
Arriving		 Average Ships per Convoya Percentage of
Tankersb
Tankers Other Ships Total
NG 17 11 20 31 36%
GN 16 13 18 31 43%
NK 17 3 3 7 49%
KN 17 4 8 12 34%
KG 17 1 12 13 7%
GK 17 1 7 8 14%
KH 16 1 5 6 15%
HK 17 4 14 18 25%
GAT 17 11 13 24 44%
TAG 17 12 11 23 51%
ZG 9 0 14 14 1%
GZ 8 2 14 16 13%
JT 9 4 12 16 22%
TJ 9 4 12 16 23%
Total 203 6 11 17 32%
(a) To nearest even ship. (b) Based on actual totals.

--H5a--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN JUNE 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HXM 292, HXF 293, HXS 294, HXM 295 4 15.0m 433c 108o 24c 6.0 0 0 0
ONM 237, ONF 238, ONS 239, ONM 240 4 16.8n 316c 79p 24c 6.0 0 0 0
CU 22, CU 27, TCU 23, TCU 28d 3 11.3 95 32 25 8.3 0 0 0
UC 24, UCT 25, UC 26d 3 11.4 123 41 21 7.0 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, June 14 -- 967 69 94 6.7 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, May 17 -- 1,091 64 126 7.4 0 0 1
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 42/44f 3 19.1 272 91 41 13.7 0 0 0
GUS 40/42f 3 18.8 203 68 37 12.3 0 0 0
GUF 11e 1 12.8 6 6 6 6.0 0 0 0
OT 15g 1 14.3 10 10 4 4.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, June 8 -- 491 61 88 11.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, May 10 -- 632 63 114 11.4 1 0 3
 

C. East Coast
NG 437/442 6 6.6 227 38 38 6.3 0 0 0
GN 135/140 6 7.1 155 26 30 5.0 0 0 0
NK 617/622 6 5.8 44 7 19 3.2 0 0 0
KN 316/321 6 4.8 98 16 21 3.5 0 0 0
KG 710/715 6 2.8 74 12 30 5.0 0 0 0
GK 809/815 7 3.1l 49 7 32 4.6 0 0 0
KH 533/543 6 3.7i 34 6 25 4.2 0 0 0
HK 235/245 6 4.2 115 19 24 4.0 0 0 0
GAT 138/143 6 6.2 134 20* 28 4.7 0 0 0
TAG 136/141 6 5.1 135 20* 30 5.0 0 0 0
ZG 69/74 6 3.7k 40 7 32 5.3 0 0 0
GZ 70/74 5 3.7 106 21 29 5.8 0 0 0
JT 33/35 3 15.0 55 14* 17 5.7 0 0 0
TJ 33/35 3 19.9 55 14* 18 6.0 0 0 0
XB 111/113, 111A 4 1.8 16 4 8 2.0 0 0 0
BX 110/113 4 2.0 65 16 8 2.0 0 0 0
SG 43/44 2 7.9j 3 2 2 1.0 0 0 0
GS 47 1 4.9j 1 1 1 1.0 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, June 89 -- 1,406 15.8 392 4.4 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, May 91 -- 1,425 15.7 406 4.5 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Juneb 228h -- 387 1.7 310 1.3 1q 0 0
Special Convoys, Mayb 184 -- 251 1.4 218 1.2 0 0 0
Total East Coast, June 317 -- 1,793 5.7 702 2.2 1 0 0
Total East Coast, May 275 -- 1,676 6.7 624 2.2 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and Oversay only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Between Norfolk and Naples.
(f) Between Norfolk and Bizerte.
(g) Between Netherlands West Indies and Naples.
(h) Of which 91 originated in CSF, 59 in ESF, 47 in GSF, 20 in PSF, and 11 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(i) Average of three convoys, KH 535, 539, and 541. Other three dispersed off South Pass, averaging 2.2 days.
(j) Between St. John's, Nfd., and Greenland.
(k) Excluding ZG 73, voyage 2.8 days.
(l) Excluding GK 815, voyage 2.0 days.
(m) Average voyage HXF 13.6, HXM 114.7, HXS 16.8 days, New York to Liverpool.
(n) Average voyage ONF 14.2, ONM 16.8, ONS 19.3 days, Liverpool to New York.
(o) Average size HXF 102, HXM 108, HXS 115 ships.
(p) Average size ONF 67, ONM 75, ONS 98 ships.
(q) Pillory escorted by CGC 83310 in Mona Passage 5 June, by U/B torpedo.
 

--H6--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN JULY 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HXF 296, HXS 297, HXM 298, HXF 299 4 14.6n 415c 104p 29c 7.2 0 0 0
ONF 241, ONS 242, ONM 243, ONF 244 4 14.8o 342c 86q 26c 6.5 0 0 0
CU 29, TCU 30, CU 31, CU 32d 4 10.8 148 37 30 7.5 0 0 0
UC 27, UCT 28, UC 29, UCT 30d 4 10.7 143 36 36 9.0 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, July 16 -- 1,048 66 121 7.6 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, June 14 -- 967 69 94 6.7 0 0 0
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 45/47f 3 18.9 213 71 41 13.7 0 0 0
GUS 43/45f 3 18.7 126 42 38 12.7 0 0 0
UGF 12e 1 13.8 24 24 10 10.0 0 0 0
TO 15e 1 12.5 10 10 3 3.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, July 8 -- 373 47 92 11.5 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, June 8 -- 491 61 88 11.0 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 443/448 6 6.8 177 29 30 5.0 0 0 0
GN 141/146 6 6.7 68 11 30 5.0 0 0 0
NK 623/628 6 6.0l 10 2 19 3.2 0 0 0
KN 322/327 6 4.7m 19 3 18 3.0 0 0 0
KG 716/721 6 2.8 44 7 24 4.0 0 0 0
GK 816/821 6 2.7 14 2 24 4.0 0 0 0
KH 545/555 6 2.0h 10 2 19 3.2 0 0 0
HK 247/257 6 2.6i 41 7 22 3.7 0 0 0
GAT 144/149 6 6.3 167 24* 29 4.8 0 0 0
TAG 142/147 6 5.0 154 24* 27 4.5 0 0 0
ZG 75/81 7 3.7 59 8 36 5.1 0 0 0
GZ 75/80 6 3.8 141 24 34 5.7 0 0 0
JT 36/38 3 15.1 45 13* 15 5.0 0 0 0
TJ 36/38 3 19.3 45 13* 15 5.0 0 0 0
XB 114/118, 115A 6 1.8 28 5 11 1.8 0 0 0
BX 114/117 4 1.9 53 13 8 2.0 0 0 0
SG 45 1 4.3j 1 1 3 3.0 0 0 0
GS 48/49 2 8.0k 3 2 5 2.5 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, July 92 -- 1,079 11.7 371 4.0 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, June 89 -- 1,406 15.8 392 4.4 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Julyb 215g -- 330 1.5 282 1.3 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Juneb 228 -- 387 1.7 310 1.3 1 0 0
Total East Coast, July 307 -- 1,409 4.6 653 2.1 0 0 0
Total East Coast, June 317 -- 1,793 5.7 702 2.2 1 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and Oversay only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Between Norfolk and Naples.
(f) Between Norfolk and Bizerte.
(g) Of which 88 originated in CSF, 67 in ESF, 27 in GSF, 26 in PSF, and 7 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(h) Dispersed off South Pass, except KH 547 to Galveston 3.1 days.
(i) From Southwest Pass except HK 253 from Galveston 4.1 days.
(j) Between St. John's Nfd., and Greenland.
(k) Between Greenland and Boston.
(l) Excluding NK 627, no merchant ships, 4.8 days.
(m) Excluding KN 323 which dispersed 37°N, voyage 4.4 days, and KN 327 which dispersed 37°N, voyage 3.4 days.
(n) Average voyage HXF 13.5, HXM 14.7, HXS 16.5 days, New York to Liverpool.
(o) Average voyage ONF 13.7, ONM 15.1, ONS 16.4 days, Liverpool to New York.
(p) Average size HXF 91, HXM 117, HXS 117 ships.
(q) Average size ONF 77, ONM 90, ONS 98 ships.
 

--H7--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN AUGUST 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HXS 300, HXM 301, HXF 302, HXS 303, HXM 304 5 15.0p 591c 118r 38c 7.6 0 0 0
ONS 245, ONM 246, ONF 247, ONS (F) 248, ONS 248 5 15.5q 461c 92s 43c 8.6 0 0 0
TCU 33, CU 34, TCU 35, CU 36d 4 10.7 150 38 38 9.5 1t 0 0
UC 31, UC 32, UCT 33, UC 34d 4 11.1 156 39 25 6.2 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, August 18 -- 1,358 75 144 8.0 1 0 0
Total North Atlantic, July 16 -- 1,048 66 121 7.6 0 0 0
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 48/50g 3 19.3 206 69 46 15.3 0 0 0
GUS 46/48g 3 18.9 162 54 40 13.3 0 0 0
UGF 13e 1 14.7 16 16 10 10.0 0 0 0
TO 13f 1 13.2 15 15 9 9.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, August 8 -- 399 50 105 13.1 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, July 8 -- 373 47 92 11.5 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 449/455 7 6.9 127 18 41 5.9 0 0 0
GN 147/152 6 6.7 52 9 28 4.7 0 0 0
NK 629/634 6 5.7m 4 1 18 3.0 0 0 0
KN 328/334 6 4.5n 12 2 21 3.5 0 0 0
KG 722/727 6 2.9 41 7 24 4.0 0 0 0
GK 822/827 6 2.8 14 2 18 3.0 0 0 0
KH 557/569i 7 2.3 13 2 17 2.4 0 0 0
HK 259/271j 7 2.6 51 7 21 3.0 0 0 0
GAT 150/156 7 5.8 135 18* 31 4.4 0 0 0
TAG 148/154 7 5.0 87 12* 28 4.0 0 0 0
ZG 82, 82A, 83, 84, 86 5 4.0o 11 2 18 3.6 0 0 0
GZ 81/87 7 3.8 50 7 30 4.3 0 0 0
JT 39/41 3 14.7 61 17* 16 5.3 0 0 0
TJ 39/41 3 17.8 40 9* 17 5.7 0 0 0
XB 118A, 119, 121, 122 4 1.7 11 3 8 2.0 0 0 0
BX 118/121 4 1.9 53 13 8 2.0 0 0 0
SG 46 1 5.6k 2 2 2 2.0 0 0 0
GS 50, 51 2 3.9l 5 3 5 2.5 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, August 94 -- 769 8.2 351 3.7 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, July 92 -- 1,079 11.7 371 4.0 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Augustb 175h -- 282 1.6 228 1.3 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Julyb 215 -- 330 1.5 282 1.3 0 0 0
Total East Coast, August 269 -- 1,051 3.9 579 2.2 0 0 0
Total East Coast, July 307 -- 1,409 4.6 653 2.1 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and Oversay only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Norfolk to Naples.
(f) Naples to New York.
(g) Between Norfolk and Bizerte.
(h) Of which 69 originated in CSF, 64 in ESF, 27 in GSF, 7 in PSF, and 8 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(i) To South Pass.
(j) From Southwest Pass.
(k) Between Argentia and Greenland.
(l) GS 51 only, Greenland to Argentia, GS 50 between Greenland and Boston 9.3 days.
(m) Excluding NK 632 and NK 633, no merchant ships, averaging 4.8 days.
(n) Excluding KN 330 which dispersed 34°36'N, voyage 3.6 days.
(o) Excluding ZG 82 and ZG 84, 12 knot convoys, averaging 2.6 days.
(p) Average voyage HXF 13.5, HXM 14.5, HXS 16.2 days, New York to Liverpool.
(q) Average voyage ONF 14.2, ONM 15.4, ONS 16.8 days, Liverpool to New York.
(r) Average size HXF 97, HXM 111, HXS 136 ships.
(s) Average size ONF 72, ONM 112, ONS 103 ships.
(t) Jacksonville with CU 36, 30 August, 35 miles S.W. of Oversay.
 

--H8--

ANTI-SUBMARINE OPERATIONS

When one hour 38 minutes show on the watch, the outboard ship to port begins her turn of 90 degrees. Diagram 7 and the unmarked Plan 15 both indicate that this turn is the type of echelon cross over to the rear shown in Figure 1 of this article for the 45 degree turn. When this ship bears dead astern the center ship begins her turn, etc. PLan 15 now continues as indicated.

Special Case of Certain Brief Plans

Under some circumstances the anti-submarine ships may arrive soon after the last contact with the submarine. If this is the case, and at the same time the search width is great - because either many ships or excellent assured sonar range - then the anti-submarine ships will be able to search quickly near the entire area of possible submarine positions before the submarine can escape. If upon the termination of this search, the submarine has not been detected, then it is proper to assume that the submarine has escaped detection for some reason other than failure to search its position. Hence, upon completing this quick search, further searching should be done according to a plan which will examine again some of the area previously covered, taking into account the total time which has elapsed since last contact. These ideas will now be illustrated by an example.

Suppose that with the assured sonar range of 1600 yards the three anti-submarine ships had arrived at the point of last contact only 32 minutes late. The Master Table indicates that Plan Number 13 should be used. Diagram 11 displays the nature of the plan.

Diagram 11

It happens that the diagram is drawn to scale for this case of sonar range of 1600 yards, the heavy line showing the path of the center ship and the lighter lines showing the paths of the other two ships. The search width is not drawn, but since the flank ships cover 1600 yards outboard, it can readily be seen that the search is quite thorough.

If the plan is executed at 16 knots, then the ships turn into line at one hour 26 minutes to begin the final sweep back toward the initial reference point. The plan terminates as the ships pass this point. The time to pass the initial point is not listed in the table, but it can readily be calculated. From Diagram 11 it is obvious the the time on Leg Five must be equal to the time on the last part of Leg Three. But from the table one sees that the total time on Leg Three is 38 minutes. Hence the time on the last part of Leg Three is 38 minutes minus time on Leg One. Therefore, Leg Five requires 22 minutes.

If the submarine has not been detected by the time the ships pass the initial point, then it is directed that the ships continue with Plan Number 15, watches being set again at zero, the time now being about one hour 48 minutes since last contact.

No plans are given for times of arrival less than 11 minutes after last contact. For times less than this, Operation "Observant" should be used.

For the effect of Schnorchel on the use of these retiring search plans see the article discussing that subject in this Bulletin, page 47. This matter also will be covered in the forthcoming change to FTP 223.

PLAN NUMBER 13  Times for First (Outer) Ship to Enter Leg
Leg
No. 		Slow Speeds: Diagram 11 (D = 1 Mile) Fast Speeds: Diagram 11 (D = 1 Mile)
Change
of
Course		 Speed in Knots Change
of
Course		 Speed in Knots
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1 00° 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 00° 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00
2 90° * 0:24* 0:23* 0:21* 0:19* 0:18* 90° * 0:16* 0:16* 0:15* 0:15* 0:14* 0:14*
3 90° # 0:56# 0:53# 0:49# 0:45# 0:44# 90° # 0:34# 0:34# 0:33# 0:32# 0:31# 0:30#
4 90° * 1:49* 1:44* 1:37* 1:30* 1:29* 90° * 1:12* 1:12* 1:11* 1:10* 1:08* 1:07*
5 90° # 2:14# 2:08# 2:00# 1:51# 1:50# 90° # 1:26# 1:26# 1:26# 1:24# 1:22# 1:20#
TO PLAN NUMBER 16 TO PLAN NUMBER 15
* Turn into column. # Turn into line of bearing.

--H8a--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN SEPTEMBER 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HXF 305, HXS 306, HXF 307/308 4 14.5m 353c 88p 36c 9.0 2r 0 0
ONM 249, ONF 250, ONS 251, ONF 252/253 5 15.8n 519c 104q 38c 7.6 1s 0 0
CU 37/39 3 10.6d 137 46 32 10.7 0 0 0
UCT 35, UC 36/37, UC 38A 4 10.5d 170 43 35 8.7 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, September 16 -- 1,179 74 141 8.8 3 0 0
Total North Atlantic, August 18 -- 1,358 75 144 8.0 1 0 0
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 51/53 3 19.4g 192 64 36 12.0 0 0 0
GUS 49/51 3 19.4g 218 73 36 12.0 0 0 0
UGF 14 1 13.8e 12 12 9 9.0 0 0 0
GUF 14 1 13.0f 16 16 9 9.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, September 8 -- 438 55 90 11.2 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, August 8 -- 399 50 105 13.1 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 456/461 6 6.6 190 33 35 5.8 0 0 0
GN 153/158 6 6.7 170 28 27 4.5 0 0 0
NK 635/638, 640 5 5.9 95 19 29 5.7 0 0 0
KN 334/340 7 5.2 141 20 31 4.4 0 0 0
KG 728/733 6 2.7 12 2 24 4.0 0 0 0
GK 828/833 6 3.0 15 3 25 4.2 0 0 0
KH 571/581i 6 2.2 14 2 18 3.0 0 0 0
HK 273/283j 6 2.6 24 4 20 3.3 0 0 0
GAT 157/162 6 5.4 37 6* 25 4.2 0 0 0
TAG 155/160 6 5.0 36 6* 22 3.7 0 0 0
ZG 88/90, 93 4 3.5 10 3 16 4.0 0 0 0
GZ 88/93 6 3.6 29 5 27 4.5 0 0 0
JT 42/44 3 15.0 38 11* 17l 5.7l 0 0 0
TJ 42/44 3 18.8 46 12* 15l 5.0l 0 0 0
XB 123/126 4 1.9 7 2 8 2.0 0 0 0
BX 122/126 5 1.9 51 10 10 2.0 0 0 0
SG 52/53 2 4.5 2 1 5 2.5 0 0 0
GS 52/53 2 4.6 6 3 3 1.5 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, September 89 -- 932 10.5 357 4.0 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, August 94 -- 769 8.2 351 3.7 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Septemberb 132h -- 206 1.6 186 1.4 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Augustb 175 -- 282 1.6 228 1.3 0 0 0
Total East Coast, September 221 -- 1,138 5.2 543 2.5 0 0 0
Total East Coast, August 269 -- 1,051 3.9 579 2.2 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and EASTOMP only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Norfolk to Naples.
(f) Naples to New York.
(g) Between Norfolk and Bizerte.
(h) Of which 76 originated in ESF, 26 in CSF, 21 in GSF, 4 in PSF, and 5 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(i) To South Pass.
(j) From Southwest Pass.
(k) Between St. Johns, N.F., and Greenland.
(l) U. S. escorts between Trinidad and Recife. Brazilian escorts between Recife and Rio de Janeiro not included.
(m) Average voyage HXF 13.9, HXS 16.2 days, New York to Liverpool.
(n) Average voyage ONF 15.1, ONM 15.6, ONS 18.4 days, Liverpool to New York.
(p) Average size HXF 78, HXS 120 ships.
(q) Average size ONF 74, ONM 154, ONS 142 ships.
(r) Empire Heritage and Pinto in HXF 305, 8 September, near Oversay.
(s) Fjordheim in ONS 251, 2 September, near Oversay.
 

--H9--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN OCTOBER 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HXF 310/311, HX 312/314, HXS 309 6 14.3n 377c 63p 40c 6.6 0 0 0
SC 158 1 14.8f 75c 75 6c 6.0 0 0 0
ONS 254, ONF 255, ON 256/259 6 16.9o 378c 63q 44c 7.3 0 0 0
ONS 33 1 14.1f 52c 52 6c 6.0 0 0 1r
CU 40/43 4 10.5d 131 33 40 10.0 0 0 0
UC 38B, 39A/B, 40A/B, 41A/B 7 10.9d 141 20 34 4.9 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, October 25 -- 1,154 46 170 6.8 0 0 1
Total North Atlantic, September 16 -- 1,179 74 141 8.8 3 0 0
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 54/56, 55B 4 19.6g h 221 55 40 10.0 0 0 0
GUS 52/54 3 19.3g 185 62 34 11.3 0 0 0
UGF 15, 15B, 16 3 13.8e 45 15 22 7.3 0 0 0
GUF 15 1 13.2e 9 9 10 10.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, October 11 -- 460 42 106 9.6 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, September 8 -- 438 55 90 11.2 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 462/467 6 6.9 87 15 31 5.2 0 0 0
GN 159/164 6 6.8 69 12 28 4.7 0 0 0
NK 641/646 6 5.6 27 5 29 4.8 0 0 0
KN 341/344, 346 5 5.3 32 6 17 3.4 0 0 0
KG 734/737, 739 5 2.8 17 3 19 3.8 0 0 0
GK 834/836, 838, 839 5 2.8 9 2 17 3.4 0 0 0
KH 583/587, 591, 593k 5 1.8 7 1 14 2.8 0 0 0
HK 285/289, 293, 295j 5 2.7 18 4 16 3.2 0 0 0
GAT 163/168 6 5.3 41 6* 24 4.0 0 0 0
TAG 161/166 6 4.8 20 3 22 3.7 0 0 0
ZG 95/99, 96A 6 3.7m 10 2 22 3.7 0 0 0
GZ 94/99 6 3.2 28 5 28 4.7 0 0 0
JT 45/47 3 13.9 44 13* 16s 5.3s 0 0 0
TJ 45/47 3 17.6 38 11* 17s 5.7s 0 0 0
XB 128/131, 129A 5 2.1 63 13 11 2.2 0 0 0
BX 127/131 5 2.0 99 20 10 2.0 0 0 0
SG 54l 1 4.3 2 2 1 1.0 0 0 0
GS 54l 1 5.1 8 8 5 5.0 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, October 85 -- 619 7.3 327 3.8 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, September 89 -- 932 10.5 357 4.0 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Octoberb 123i -- 181 1.5 166 1.4 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Septemberb 132 -- 206 1.6 186 1.4 0 0 0
Total East Coast, October 208 -- 800 3.8 493 2.4 0 0 0
Total East Coast, September 221 -- 1,138 5.2 543 2.5 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and EASTOMP only.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Between Norfolk and Naples (except UGF 15B to Marseilles).
(f) Between Halifax and Liverpool, N. of Ireland.
(g) Between Norfolk and Bizerte.
(h) Excluding UGS 55B between Norfolk and Oran, which voyage 17 days.
(i) Of which 60 originated in ESF, 27 in CSF, 32 in GSF, 3 in PSF, and 1 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(j) From Southwest Pass.
(k) To dispersal off Mobile.
(l) Between St. Johns, N.F., and Greenland.
(m) Excluding ZG 96, 14 knots, 2.1 days, and ZG 96A dispersed off Kingston, 2.8 days.
(n) Average voyage HXF and HX 13.9, HXS 15.9 days, New York to Liverpool, S. of Ireland.
(o) Average voyage ONF and ON 16.4, ONS 19.3 days, Liverpool to New York, S. of Ireland (except ONS 254 and ONF 255).
(p) Average size HXF and HX 60, HXS 75 ships.
(q) Average size ONF and ON 59, ONS 83 ships.
(r) HMCS Chebogue, Position 49°29' N, 24°05' W, 4 October.
(s) Escorts between Trinidad and Recife (U. S. except JT 46). Escorts between Recife and Rio (Brazilian except TJ 46) not included.
 

--H10--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN NOVEMBER 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HX 315/320 6 15.0d 251c 42c 31c 5.1c 0 0 0
SC 159/160 2 14.8f 112c 56c 11c 5.5c 0 0 0
ON 260/265 6 16.2d 312c 52c 35c 5.8c 0 0 0
ONS 34/35 2 18.2f 107c 54c 11c 5.5c 0 0 0
CU 44/47 4 10.7d 149 37 40 10.0 0 0 0
UC 42A/B, 43A/B, 44A/B, 45A/B 8 10.9d 163 20 40 5.0 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, November 28 -- 1,094 39 168 6.0 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, October 25 -- 1,154 46 170 6.8 0 0 1
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 57/60 4 20.1g 336 84 38 9.5 0 0 0
GUS 55B, 55/57 4 21.1h 226 56 28 7.0 0 0 0
UGF 17 1 11.8e 7 7 5 5.0 0 0 0
GUF 15B, 16 2 13.4e 32 16 12 6.0 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, November 11 -- 601 55 83 7.5 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, October 11 -- 460 42 106 9.6 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 468/473 6 6.4 38 6 30 5.0 0 0 0
GN 165/170 6 7.2 25 4 29 4.8 0 0 0
NK 647/652 6 5.5o 10 2 17 2.8 0 0 0
KN 347/352 6 5.1 13 2 17 2.8 0 0 0
KG 740/745 6 2.6 11 2 18 3.0 0 0 0
GK 840/845 6 3.0p 15 3 17 2.8 0 0 0
KH 595/605 6 1.9k 16 3 10 1.7 0 0 0
HK 297/307j 6 2.6 12 2 13 2.2 0 0 0
GAT 169/174 6 5.6 25 4 20 3.3 0 0 0
TAG 167/172 6 5.0n 16 3 19 3.2 0 0 0
ZG 100, 102/105 5 3.5m 12 2 15 3.0 0 0 0
GZ 100/105 6 3.3 21 4 19 3.2 0 0 0
JT 48/50 3 14.9 42 12* 16q 5.3q 0 0 0
TJ 48/50 3 17.1 27 6* 18q 6.0q 0 0 0
XB 132/135 4 2.1 70 18 9 2.2 0 0 0
BX 132/135 4 2.4 81 20 9 2.2 0 0 0
SG 55/56 2 6.7 3 2 4 2.0 0 0 0
GS 55/59 5 4.0 21 4 10 2.0 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, November 92 -- 458 4.9 290 3.2 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, October 85 -- 619 7.3 327 3.8 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Novemberb 96i -- 138 1.4 121 1.3 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Octoberb 123 -- 181 1.5 166 1.4 0 0 0
Total East Coast, November 188 -- 596 3.2 411 2.2 0 0 0
Total East Coast, October 208 -- 800 3.8 493 2.4 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and EASTOMP.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool, S. of Ireland.
(e) Between Cape Henry and Naples, except GUF 15B from Marseilles.
(f) Between Halifax and Liverpool, N. of Ireland.
(g) From Cape Henry to Bizerte except UGS 60 to Europa Point, 14.9 days.
(h) From Bizerte to Cape Henry except GUS 55B from Oran 18.2 days.
(i) Of which 49 originated in ESF, 23 in CSF, 20 in GSF, 3 in PSF, and 1 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(j) From Southwest Pass.
(k) To dispersal off Mobile, excluding KH 597 and 605 which averaged 2.5 days to South Pass.
(l) Between St. Johns, N.F., and Greenland, excluding GS 55 and GS 56 from Greenland to Boston which averaged 8.8 days.
(m) Excluding ZG 102 which dispersed off Navassa, voyage 2.7 days.
(n) Excluding TAG 172, no merchant ships.
(o) Excluding NK 647, no merchant ships.
(p) Excluding GK 843, no merchant ships.
(q) Escorts between Trinidad and Recife. (Escorts between Recife and Rio not included.)
 

--H11--

 

CONVOYS

CONVOYS ARRIVING IN DECEMBER 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HX 321/326 6 14.7d 280c 47c 35c 5.8c 0 0 0
SC 161/163 3 15.5g 160c 53c 20c 6.7c 0 0 0
ON 266/271 6 17.6d 338c 56c 35c 5.8c 0 0 0
ONS 36/37 2 20.9g 90c 45c 7c 3.5c 0 0 0
CU 48/51 4 11.0d 133 33 41 10.2 0 0 0
UC 46A/B, 47A/B, 48A/B, 49A/B 8 11.5d 147 18 39 4.9 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, December 29 -- 1,148 40 177 6.1 0 0 0
Total North Atlantic, November 28 -- 1,094 39 168 6.0 0 0 0
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 61/63 3 16.0h 277 92 27 9.0 0 0 0
GUS 55B, 59/61w 3 17.5i 278 93 27 9.0 0 0 0
UGF 17B, 18 2 13.8e 24 12 11 5.5 0 0 0
GUF 17, 17B 2 13.3f 15 8 9 4.5 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, December 10 -- 594 59 74 7.4 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, November 11 -- 601 55 83 7.5 0 0 0
 

C. East Coast
NG 474/479 6 7.0p 37 6 31 5.2 0 0 0
GN 171/177 7 7.2o 22 3 34 4.9 0 0 0
NK 653/658 6 5.4r 7 1 21 3.5 0 0 0
KN 353/358 6 5.4q 15 3 21 3.5 0 0 0
KG 746/751 6 2.6 15 3 18 3.0 0 0 0
GK 846/851 6 2.8s 12 2 17 2.8 0 0 0
KH 607/617 6 2.8l 7 1 11 1.8 0 0 0
HK 309/319k 6 2.5 19 3 15 2.5 0 0 0
GAT 175/180 6 6.4t 17 3 18 3.0 0 0 0
TAG 173/178 6 4.8 21 4 18 3.0 0 0 0
ZG 106/108, 110/112 6 3.4 11 2 16 2.7 0 0 0
GZ 106/111 6 3.3u 27 5 19 3.2 0 0 0
JT 51/53 3 14.5 25 7* 11v 3.7v 0 0 0
TJ 51/53 3 16.6 33 9* 12v 4.0v 0 0 0
XB 136/139, 136A, 137A 6 2.4n 107 18 17 2.8 0 0 0
BX 136/139 4 2.2 92 23 18 4.5 0 0 0
SG 57 1 4.5 1 1 2 2.0 0 0 0
GS 60/61 2 4.9m 4 2 5 2.5 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, December 92 -- 472 5.1 304 3.3 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, November 92 -- 458 4.9 290 3.2 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Decemberb 102j -- 157 1.5 116 1.1 0 0 0
Special Convoys, Novemberb 96 -- 138 1.4 121 1.3 0 0 0
Total East Coast, December 194 -- 629 3.2 420 2.2 0 0 0
Total East Coast, November 188 -- 596 3.2 411 2.2 0 0 0
# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port. * Total of maximum ships at any one time in each convoy.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and EASTOMP.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool, S. of Ireland.
(e) Between Cape Henry and Naples, except UGF 17B between New York and Marseille, voyage 13.6 days.
(f) Between New York and Naples, except GUF 17B between New York and Marseille, voyage 12.5 days.
(g) Between Halifax and Liverpool, N. of Ireland.
(h) Between Cape Henry and Europa Pt.
(i) Between Cape Henry and Oran.
(j) Of which 49 originated in ESF, 33 in CSF, 18 in GSF, 1 in PSF, and 1 in FOURTH Fleet area.
(k) From Southwest Pass.
(l) KH 613 and 617 only, to South Pass; KH 607 and 611, no merchant ships; KH 609 and 615 dispersed off Mobile.
(m) From St. Johns, N. F. to Greenland, excluding GS 60 from Boston to Greenland, voyage 6.5 days.
(n) Excluding XB 136A from Halifax to New York.
(o) Excluding GN 176, no merchant ships.
(p) Excluding NG 474, no merchant ships.
(q) Excluding KN 356 and KN 358 which dispersed off Cape Henry.
(r) Excluding NK 657, no merchant ships.
(s) Excluding GK 846 which dispersed off Kingston, and GK 848, no merchant ships.
(t) Excluding GAT 178 and GAT 180 dispersed off Curacao, and GAT 176, no merchant ships.
(u) Excluding GZ 107, no merchant ships.
(v) Escorts between Trinidad and Recife. (Escorts between Recife and Rio not included).
(w) GUS 58 canceled.
 

--H12--

 

CONVOYS

SUMMARY OF CONVOYS ARRIVING IN CALENDAR YEAR 1944

Designation Convoys Average Voyage (Days) Ships# Ships
per
Convoy		 Escorts Escorts
per
Convoy		 Casualties (Enemy Action)a
Sunk in
Convoy		 Sunk as
Straggler		 Damaged
 

A. North Atlantic
HX 272/326 55 15.2d 4,169c 76c 421c 7.7c 2 0 0
SC 150/163 14 15.6e 690c 49c 101c 7.2c 2 1 0
ON 216/271 57 16.6d 4,083c 72c 407c 7.1c 1 2 0
ONS 25/37 13 18.1e 512c 39c 87c 6.7c 0 0 1
UT 6/11d 6 10.7 164 27 78 13.0 0 0 0
TU 6/11d 6 11.3 122 20 74 12.3 0 0 0
CU 10/51d 43 10.9 1,402 33 363 8.4 4 0 2
UC 8/37, UC 38A/49Bd 54 11.2 1,440 27 332 6.1 0 0 0
Special Convoysb 18 -- 325 16 82 4.5 1 0 1
Total North Atlantic, 1944 266 -- 12,907 49 1,945 7.3 10 3 4
Total North Atlantic, 1943 193 -- 9,097 47 1,603 8.3 99 40 5
 

B. Middle Atlantic
UGS 27/63 39 19.6f 2,936 75 495 12.7 4 0 4
GUS 24/61 38 19.4g 2,555 67 429 11.3 1 0 3
UGF 11/18h 10 13.6 134 13 75 7.5 0 0 0
GUF 11/17Bh 8 13.1 93 12 55 6.9 0 0 0
OT 12/15i 4 13.4 36 9 16 4.0 0 0 0
TO 12/15i 4 11.4 31 8 15 3.7 0 0 0
Special Convoysb 11 -- 164 15 40 3.6 0 0 0
Total Middle Atlantic, 1944 114 -- 5,949 52 1,125 9.9 5 0 7
Total Middle Atlantic, 1943 106 -- 3,657 35 878 8.3 13 0 3
 

C. East Coast
NG 407/479 73 6.7 1696 23 387 5.3 0 0 0
GN 104/177 74 7.0 1398 19 362 4.9 0 0 0
NK 586/658 71 5.9 411 6 261 3.7 0 0 0
KN 285/358 73 5.2 731 10 283 3.8 0 0 0
KG 679/751 72 2.8 622 9 320 4.4 0 0 0
GK 779/851 72 2.9 385 5 304 4.2 0 0 0
KH 471/617 73 2.3j 302 4 263 3.6 0 0 0
HK 175/319 72 2.6k 859 12 285 4.0 0 0 0
GAT 108/180 73 6.0 1242 17 336 4.6 0 0 0
TAG 106/178 73 5.0 1142 16 321 4.4 0 0 0
ZG 54/112 54 3.8 357 7 236 4.4 0 0 0
GZ 55/111 57 3.6 679 12 268 4.7 0 0 0
JT 17/53 37 15.0 585 16 203 5.3 0 0 0
TJ 18/53 36 18.6 536 15 207 5.8 0 0 0
XB 90A/139 60 2.0 610 10 136 2.3 0 0 0
BX 90/139 50 2.0 939 20 130 2.6 0 0 0
SG 38/46, 52/57 15 5.6 21 2 35 2.3 0 0 0
GS 41/61 21 5.2 57 3 49 2.3 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, 1944 1,057 -- 12,572 11.9 4,389 4.1 0 0 0
Total Regular Coastal, 1943 1,010 -- 15,645 15 4,566 4.5 17 3 8
Total Special Convoys, 1944b 2,024 -- 3,243 1.6 2,634 1.3 1 0 0
Total Special Convoys, 1943b 1,978 -- 4,467 2.2 3,086 1.5 7 0 0
Total East Coast, 1944 3,081 -- 15,815 5.1 7,023 2.3 1 0 0
Total East Coast, 1943 2,988 -- 20,112 6.7 7,652 2.6 24 3 8

# All ships (including casualties) except escorts, and except those returning to port.

(a) Including escorts.
(b) Not regularly scheduled; miscellaneous.
(c) Ships and escorts between WESTOMP and EASTOMP.
(d) Between New York and Liverpool.
(e) Between Halifax and Liverpool.
(f) From Norfolk to Bizerte. Excludes UGS 27/35, 60/63 from Norfolk to Gibraltar, average voyage 16.2 days.
(g) From Bizerte to Norfolk. Excludes GUS 24/35 from Gibraltar to Norfolk, average voyage 18.5 days; and GUS 59/61 from Oran to Norfolk, average voyage 17.5 days.
(h) Between Norfolk and Naples.
(i) Between Netherlands West Indies and Gibraltar.
(j) To South Pass. Excludes 15 convoys to Galveston, average voyage 3.9 days.
(k) From Southwest Pass. Excludes 37 convoys (HK 175/243, 253) from Galveston, average voyage 4.2 days.
 

--H13--

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